I actually just realized lineage 21 does this too - I didn't notice because cropping a screenshot with Google photos seems to remove all the fields (I also have the build string and timezone offset). Which is weird because cropping an actual photo the same way - as you would expect - preserves all the notable fields like timestamps, phone model / lens info, and the same "Software" field which for my photos is just "HDR+ 1.0.commithashlookingstring"