I don’t think that’s really an Apple exclusive thing, and I don’t think Apple was the company that conditioned us to it. I think that the cellular carriers conditioned us to that upgrade frequency model based on how they used to subsidize phones.
I just replaced my 6 year old iPhone because I accidentally slammed my car door on it after it slid out of my pocket. I like bent the frame of the thing, if I had been seconds faster or slower the phone would have been fine. I had just replaced the battery on it, and was planning on keeping it for another year or two at least. Most people I know with iPhones upgrade more frequently than that, but not every 1-2 years, maybe like every 3-5. Every person I know who upgrades a phone every two years does so because they trade in and refinance a new phone at their cellular providers store, and those people are probably closer to a 50/50 split between iPhone and Samsung users.