Hell, I'd broaden it to the whole world because the Romans popularized Christianity, which pretty much immediately kicked off millennia of religious conflict. Christians vs "pagans" (which wasn't one single group), Christians vs Christians, Christians vs Jews, Christians vs Muslims, Christians vs all "pagans" in the world (and their history), Catholics vs Protestants, church vs science...
Maybe Christianity would have risen without the Romans, but it wouldn't have had such a powerful papacy without the Roman legacy. And as much as I hate religion, I have to admit it wasn't all bad; if it weren't for the clergy, even more Roman knowledge would have been lost and education in general through Europe would have been worse. Maybe. Islam did have Christianity beat for education and progression for a while, and the church did have a habit of condemning science that contradicted the idea that we were special in every single way.