They mention that planes have a greater max takeoff weight than max landing weight, but don’t explain why. “Planes use some fuel flying” isn’t an answer
It's for 2 main reasons. One is structural integrity, another is breaking. A heavier plane leads to a harder impact and possibility of it not stopping on the runway based on calculated distance needed during landing checklist.
Every design is different, and every design choice has advantages and penalties. In short, Airbus doesn't use them because of increased fuel consumption, since they found other ways to reduce noise.
It's a customer option (hush kit) for certain engine types, and it's supposed to reduce exhaust turbulence, thus reducing noise. However, it's usually the high pitched whine of the compressor that most people hear. Most companies don't want to pay for it unless they're required to fall under certain sound levels for certain airports at night. For those, it's often cheaper to not fly that route at night, or use a quieter airplane (such as a CRJ or ERJ with GE CF34 engines).
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