Radiation would cause replication errors in the nanobots, eventually leading to speciation. Before you know it you just have an ecosystem again, with a whole food chain of butt eradicators and paperclip maximizers.
IIRC the bigger issue is that the nanobots would end up just melting themselves, to avoid this they'd have to work a lot slower, probably at about the rate of a particularly fast acting bacteria.
Pretty sure nature does have checksums in some places. IIRC, there are some genetic sequences that are surprisingly resistant to mutation upon copying, but the same doesn't apply to every sequence on account of, I assume, it being expensive in some way.
I am not sure what to search to find what I think I remember.
Grey goo also doesn't work because it'd almost certainly use the same building blocks as life, and in a competition with life, life's probably going to be the winner. Even if it didn't, unless it's doing weird cold fusion subatomic interactions (probably impossible) to make more of whatever element it's composed of, it'll just run out of food in whatever local environment it's in.
I don't think this is necessarily true. The reason DNA is so affected by radiation is because it's malleable. It's built out of chemical building blocks that fit like Lego. Gray goo would likely be similar to extremely complex proteins which replicate like a physical version of a quine.
Flipping an individual bit through radiation is extremely easy, which is why we need error corrections, but despite that, we still get errors... Even if the probability of an error bypassing the ECC is extremely low, over a long enough timescale it will happen often enough to evolve. Especially in space where there is no atmosphere or magnetic field to reduce it.
I'm not talking about little tiny robots with batteries and computers, I'm talking about precisely formed, microscopic and deformable chunks of metal. That's why I brought up proteins- they do not carry any information themselves, and can sometimes form duplicates of themselves, such as in the case of prions.
Whilst I agree that universal consuming nanobots are a bit far fetched, I’m not sure I’m sold on the replication problem.
Life has replication errors on purpose because we’re dependent on it for mid to long term survival.
It’s easy to write program code with arbitrarily high error protection. You could make a program that will produce 1 unhandled error for every 100000 consumed universes, and it wouldn’t be particularly hard, you just need enough spare space.
Mutation and cancer are potential problems for technology, but they’re decidedly solvable problems.
Life only makes it hard because life is chaotic and complex, there’s not an error correcting code ratio we can bump from 5 to 20 and call it a day.
The term gray goo was coined by nanotechnology pioneer K. Eric Drexler in his 1986 book Engines of Creation. In 2004, he stated "I wish I had never used the term 'gray goo'."
